KIA media is used to determine if the organisms can ferment glucose with or without gas production. It also has a phenol red pH indicator, ferrous sulfate, and peptones in the agar. KIA media contains two carbohydrates, glucose and lactose. The organism reduced nitrate to nitrogen gas. Nitrate was not reduced by the organism, it was reduced by zinc. Red color = Negative (Nitrate was not reduced by the bacteria) Nitrate Reduction Test After Adding Sulfanilic Acid, Alpha-Naphthylamine, and Zinc. No color = Positive (Nitrate was reduced to Nitrogen gas) This is considered a positive result since the organism reduced nitrate to nitrogen gas. If a red color does not occur after the addition of zinc, there was no nitrate for zinc to reduce. A red color after the addition of zinc is a negative test result. The zinc powder reduces nitrate to nitrite. If no red color occurs a wooden applicator stick is dipped in zinc powder and dropped it into the nitrate broth. The organism used the nitrate reductase enzyme to reduce nitrate to nitrite. Nitrate Reduction Test After Adding Sulfanilic Acid and Alpha-Naphthylamine. ![]() This is a positive test result, and no further testing is required. A dark red color indicates the organism used the nitrate reductase enzyme to reduce nitrate to nitrite. Other organisms do not have the ability to reduce nitrate at all.ġ0 drops of 0.8% sulfanilic acid and then add 10 drops of 0.6% N, N-Dimethyl-alpha-naphthylamine are added to the incubated nitrate broth. Other bacteria can reduce nitrate to nitrogen gas by also producing the enzyme nitrite reductase which reduces nitrite to nitrogen gas. Some bacteria can reduce nitrate (NO 3) to nitrite (NO 2) by producing the enzyme nitrate reductase. Selective and Differential media and biochemical testS overview NITRATE REDUCTION TESTĬan the bacteria produce ATP via anaerobic energy production and use nitrate ad the final member of the electron transport chain? If it can use nitrate as the final member of the electron transport chain, does it reduce the nitrate to nitrite or nitrogen gas? Nitrate broth is a differential media used to determine if an organism can reduce nitrate. Many (but not all) are oxidase positive.The Non- Enterobacteriaceae also have three common characteristics: The Enterobacteriaceae have four common characteristics: These bacteria are mostly found in the environment, yet some of these organisms can cause wound infections and serious life-threatening infections in immunocompromised patients. ![]() Several of the bacteria in this group include bacteria such as Pseudomonas aeruginosa, Alcaligenes faecalis and Acinetobacter baumanii. The Gram-negative bacilli that are not in the Enterobacteriaceae family are composed of several families but are collectively called Non- Enterobacteriaceae or Nonfermenters (of glucose) to differentiate them from the Enterobacteriaceae. These Gram-negative, facultative anaerobes are frequently called “enterics” since they are normally found in the intestinal tract of humans and other animals. coli, Klebsiella, Enterobacter and Proteus. One major group of Gram-negative bacilli is the Family Enterobacteriaceae which contain many genera of organisms such as E. Gram negative bacilli comprise a vast array of bacteria, yet most clinically significant Gram-negative bacilli can be divided into two groups. RECORD THE TEST RESULTS AND IDENTIFY UNKNOWNS 1, 2, 3, AND 4 IN THE IDENTIFYING GRAM NEGATIVE BACTERIA QUESTION DOCUMENT. Identify structural characteristics of the major groups of microorganismsĬompare and contrast prokaryotic cell and eukaryotic cellĬompare and contrast the physiology and biochemistry of the various groups of microorganisms THIS IS A DEMONSTRATION LAB. Describe the modes of bacterial and viral reproduction and proliferationĪpply various laboratory techniques to identify types of microorganisms
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